1484 Cornwall Road, Oakville, Ontario, L6J 7W5, Canada
310 Danforth Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M4K 1N6, CanadaIndirect Support:
1484 Cornwall Road, Oakville, Ontario, L6J 7W5, Canada
310 Danforth Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M4K 1N6, Canada
5,701.1 km
5,687.6 km
1970
2020
90
22
6 to 12
5 to 12
Coed
Coed
Day
Day
English
English
Academic
Academic
Traditional
Progressive
8 to 10
Varies
Learning, Developmental, Behavioral
Learning, Developmental, Behavioral
In-class adaptations
$7,455 to $15,000
Yes
Yes
10%
30%
7 to 12
5 to 12
$5,000
$4,000
13
3
0%
0%
65%
95%
7, 9
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
information not available
information not available
Rolling
Rolling
Not available
Not available
Yes: grades 7 - 12
No
No
No
“[Chisholm Academy] provides an individualized, structured education in a highly supportive environment designed to rebuild students’ confidence and nurture their abilities.”
“The wide variety of inclusive extracurricular activities are part of the school’s broad efforts to cultivate emotional resilience and self-esteem in students—and to show kids who have previously had a negative school experiences that school can be joyful.”
“It was obvious to us that Chisholm parents can rely on the school to go the extra mile for them and their children.”
Read The Our Kids Review of Chisholm Academy
information not available
Chisholm was created to address the needs of the kinds of learners who are prone to falling through the cracks of a traditional education. Special needs is the term we might use, though the definition used at Chisholm admits a broader understanding than we typically grant, including students from across the entire academic spectrum. What they share is a need for a more structured academic experience. The school is headed by Dr. Howard Bernstein and Dr. Shirley Bryntwick, both clinical psychologists. The ideal student is one who requires more than they are able to get from a traditional academic setting, and who benefits from a very structured, personal, planned approach to their education. A robust interface between parents and the school is encouraged, and close communication is ongoing throughout the academic year.
View full reportPassages Centre for Self-Directed Learning stands out as an alternative centre for its commitment to empowering students with a passion for learning and a sense of autonomy and community participation. At the heart of the centre’s approach is personalized, interest-based learning, guided by one-on-one mentorship and coaching. The centre prioritizes a supportive community environment that affirms neurodiversity and inclusivity. A key feature of Passages is its democratic, youth-run community meetings, which allow students to voice concerns and participate in decision-making processes. Classes and workshops are student-driven, which gives students the chance to develop their sense of autonomy and active engagement. Embracing the Sudbury Valley and Summerhill educational philosophies, the centre aims to provide a safe space where students can thrive. Recently, the centre moved to a larger facility in East Toronto, enhancing its community spaces and introducing a Passages Restoration Circle for conflict resolution. Operating Monday to Friday (9 AM to 3 PM), the centre is committed to maintaining a small, close-knit community.
View full reportinformation not available
"Passages has a small, diverse and exceptional student body."
Tara Turner - Parent (Jul 03, 2024)
For my son, Passages is his community. He enrolled in the Centre when he was 11, after being homesch... View full review
"The learners at Passages are wonderful and represent a dynamic, inclusive and accepting community."
Jessika Eldridge - Parent (Aug 13, 2024)
My son finds the autonomy at the school to be very appealing. The ability to focus his time on his i... View full review
"The connection between students, parents and mentors is one of the unique and great aspects of Passages."
Sonya Goldberg - Parent (Sep 04, 2024)
My daughter has benefited greatly from attending Passages. She had originally attended a TDSB high s... View full review
"Since 1971, Chisholm has supported those with mild-to-moderate learning or social needs. Our students are regular kids who have struggled in school & deserve to learn in an environment where they feel successful, understood, respected, & safe. Our teaching style is structured & always supportive. Many schools offer IEPs & additional support, but we provide the most comprehensive approach with class sizes of 10. Chisholm students achieve personal & academic success and are prepared for college or university."
"For youth aged 10-18 who are struggling with the demands of school, Passages is a place to reconnect with their love of learning and join a community where their voice matters. We offer a personalized education with one-on-one mentorship, classes and coaching to support learners in following their interests and participating in our diverse, democratic community. Our approach allows young people to honour their needs, pursue their passions and forge their own unique path to the future."
"Chisholm Academy (1971) is the first specialized school in Ontario for students with learning or social concerns. We created a "typical" school for those who require individual educational plans, taught in small groups. While we do not accept students with behavioural issues, we are pleased to accept students with LD, ADHD, anxiety or depression. 95% of our students attend post-secondary institutions. Our relationships with our students and parents is always supportive and long-lasting."
"As a democratic school inspired by Summerhill and the Sudbury Valley Model, Passages combines youth-led decision-making with personalized mentorship. Weekly Community Meetings give learners responsibility, practice in public speaking, collaboration and problem-solving, and a real voice in shaping their experience. We support learners in building confidence, ownership, and social-emotional skills.
1:1 Mentor Meetings help learners reflect on challenges, set goals, plan next steps, and access resources for their interests and passions. The balance of freedom and support keeps learners motivated, develops self-direction, and nurtures growth academically, socially, and emotionally. Self-directed learning here is both practical and empowering, preparing students for life beyond Passages."
"We strongly believe that when students are comfortable in school, their ability to learn, increases dramatically. We ensure that our students connect with our staff and make friends at school. At times, their learning is postponed to be certain that they are feeling good about the school and who they are. At times, it may be important to sacrifice teaching and homework for comfort within themselves. Our short term goal is to ensure that all students fell accepted and competent."
"Many young people who join Passages have found traditional schools haven’t met their needs. They may be highly creative, gifted/2E, or have a strong sense of justice and autonomy. At Passages, we empower youth to lead their own education, focusing on real-world skills like communication, problem-solving, collaboration, and making meaningful choices.
To preserve curiosity and self-direction, we have no compulsory classes, exams, or grades, and all programming is optional. While learners can pursue high school credits if desired, we deprioritize standardization, uniform pacing, and mandated curriculum. This tradeoff allows students to follow their own path, preserve or rejuvenate their deep love of learning and curiosity, and respect their chosen paths. Part of our mentorship is working with young people to create this path, which can take many forms. There is no one right way to learn, and our Centre is here to support those youth who need an education as unique as they are."
"Chisholm Academy began as a support for students with reading and mathematical difficulties. In the 1980's, Dr. Howard Bernstein arrived with a vision. He established a psychology practice dedicated to understanding the needs of children and adolescents and to finding solutions that support their success. After completing thousands of psychoeducational assessments, the staff began to discuss the need for a full-time school. The Academy began with 6 students and grew to over 100. The school will never grow to a large population, as it would lose its personal nature. A new building was constructed specifically for students with the needs we serve. A decision was later made to register the organization as a charity, to be operated by a Board of Directors. The Academy has become a leader across Canada in serving students with mild and moderate exceptionalities."
"Inspired by the philosophies of the Sudbury Valley Model and Summerhill School, Passages opened in 2020 with one student, beginning our journey as a self-directed, democratic school. By 2021, we welcomed our first intern, laying the foundation for a culture of mentorship and learning from diverse perspectives. Funding from Telus, Canada Post, MLSE, and the Toronto Foundation in 2023–24 enabled programs supporting health, wellness, and exploration.
In 2023, we added our second full-time staff member and moved to a larger space in the bustling Danforth Village (Chester Subway), adding an art room, kitchen, gym, a vintage bowling alley, and quiet spaces that foster curiosity, creativity, and community. This year, hiring our first alumnus to support learners reflects our commitment to continuity, peer leadership, and a community that grows from within.
With over 60 families who have now moved through our centre, we have become a solid choice for democratic schooling in Toronto."
"As you walk through our building, you see a regular school, except for the small classrooms. However, all of our students have Individual Educational Plans based on their needs. Overall, our students are pretty regular kids who are somewhat concerned because they have not done well in school, and they want to be successful. They are sometimes diagnosed as LD, ADD, quirky, anxiety disorder or depression. A very large group of our students does not have a formal diagnosis, but their parents know they require more attention than is possible in a class of 30 without specially trained staff. As part of our admissions process, we regretfully exclude students who may not have the ability to attend post-secondary schools. This factor alone tends to normalize our student body. Our students express their desire to find their way, do better in school, make friends, develop confidence, and reach their goals for adulthood."
"Many learners who join Passages struggle with school resistance, attendance, homework, or grades. These challenges often reflect the limits of one-size-fits-all systems rather than a child’s potential. Many of our learners are neurodivergent, have mental health challenges, identify as 2SLGBTQ+, or have experienced bullying or other adversity.
Passages offers a supportive alternative that allows learners to lead their own education, make choices, and explore their interests without coercion. Families who thrive with us value curiosity, autonomy, and trust, and want to partner with us in supporting their child’s growth.
We also welcome learners who have been homeschooled. Many families describe Passages as the best of both worlds: personalized learning with guidance, alongside a community of peers taking ownership of their learning."
"Any special education school has obstacles. Some people view Spec Ed as a negative. Chisholm Academy, our staff, parents and students, view it as an opportunity to grow and develop. Special education does not mean settling for mediocrity but rather pulling away from mediocrity to success."
"While we value a rich and diverse education, we do not use coercion, awards, or grades to encourage participation. Learners are invited to take ownership of their own goals.
We do not offer grades, credits, or a high school diploma, but we support youth who choose to pursue them elsewhere. Choice and autonomy are central, and we work alongside learners to support their individual paths.
Families who may find us a challenging fit are often looking for a more structured approach or focused mainly on completing homework and earning a diploma. We prioritize curiosity, autonomy, and a love of learning, which can feel different from top-down systems. Success at Passages also depends on adults trusting young people to make their own choices and supporting them along the way."
"The Executive Director is a doctoral psychologist with expertise in clinical & educational psychology. Our principal & vice-principals hold specialist degrees & teaching staff are required to complete special education training. We employ counsellors, child & youth workers, recreation leadership staff and specialists in art & drama. There is very little staff turn over, which attests to the atmosphere. At Chisholm, comfort, personal growth & development, are as important as curriculum."
"A story we often hear from parents is, “I finally have my kid back.” Many families come to Passages after watching their child’s spark dim in traditional schools or after years of school refusal. Flexible attendance and a self-directed approach give learners the freedom to choose to engage, and the result is often the opposite of what adults expect! Young people show up excited, participate in learning, have meaningful conversations, and build friendships. Flexibility in arrival times also reduces the morning struggle parents know so well, giving families a calmer start to the day.
This freedom in a self-directed education reduces pressure and self-criticism, allowing young people to explore who they want to be. Families see their children grow confidence, independence, and social-emotional skills while developing empathy, collaboration, planning, and ownership of their education, on their own terms."
"We are so proud of our reputation! We know of no other school where 100% of students requiring additional support, all attend post-secondary institutions."
"When people think of Passages, they often say, “I wish I could have gone to this school!” Adults recognize how much of their time in traditional schools was spent on work that felt irrelevant, and they see the power of self-directed learning to focus on interests and strengths, creating a rich learning experience rooted in confidence and intrinsic motivation.
Passages is also known as a place of healing. Many learners arrive struggling or unhappy, and with guidance from adult mentors and peers, they reconnect with their love of learning. Using their voices to make choices, youth grow independence, problem-solving abilities, and confidence. This healing extends to families as well, with conflicts decreasing, trust growing, and the skills youth learn at the Centre helping them navigate relationships at home."
"No one is bullied at Chisholm. Some of our kids had difficulty in previous schools. We facilitate personal relationships & activities to ensure all students are accepted. Our staff is committed to extra-curricular activities & we required that every student participates in at least 2 activities. As students make friends & become increasingly confident, learning becomes easier. Our guidance department ensures post-secondary choices are appropriate & we consult with each student's new school."
"Our focus on community extends beyond learners, as we see parents and siblings as part of the learning journey as well. Each week, families receive updates with stories, photos, and upcoming dates, bridging school and home and sparking deeper conversations that might not happen otherwise.
Monthly parent gatherings discuss self-directed learning and ways to support growth at home. Helping caregivers trust the process and recognize that learning is always happening is essential for learner success. This holistic approach ensures families feel involved, connected, and informed."
"The "normalized" environment we create, allows us to function as a traditional school yet employ all the aspects of individual educational plans. New students are immediately accepted and feel part of our family within days of starting at Chisholm. Our kids are are regular students who need that extra support in order to go on to college or university & lead successful independent lives. Moms & Dads quickly understand that their input is encouraged and appreciated."
"Parents new to Passages’ self-directed philosophy sometimes worry their child “would play games all day.” Often, their view of their child comes from long school days or weekends spent recovering. With autonomy at the Centre, many young people begin to take risks, try new ideas, and engage in deeper learning. Learning may not take a traditional form, but instead look like: conversations, impromptu experiments, problem-solving, or even games. All meaningful ways to grow and take risks.
Many youth also choose to attend Math and English classes without adult enforcement. They explore subjects at their own pace and depth, discovering that once the pressure to “have to do something” is removed, their interests develop naturally. It is surprising and delightful for families to see what truly motivates and energizes their child."
Information not available
"In August 2023, Passages moved to a larger space in Toronto’s Danforth, giving learners access to a common room, classroom, and art room, plus a full-size gym, kitchen, and courtyard for outdoor exploration. The expanded space supports curiosity, creativity, and collaboration while providing quiet areas for reflection and focused learning.
As our community has grown, we’ve also strengthened our internal processes. Learners designed a conflict-resolution system to support community cohesion, with staff guidance when needed. This approach empowers youth to express their needs, problem-solve with peers, and contribute to a safe and respectful community, reflecting our commitment to self-direction, empathy, and democratic decision-making."
Information not available
"As Passages has grown, our community now includes more families, volunteers, and staff, creating richer opportunities for learners both within the Centre and in the surrounding community. Over the next five years, we plan to expand volunteer opportunities for youth, provide peer-support and conflict resolution training, and grow our job support program for graduating learners.
We are also actively seeking funding to support solo parents, BIPOC families, and neurodivergent youth, while diversifying our Board of Directors to strengthen governance and community representation.
Our goal is to remain intentionally small, around 40–50 learners, to preserve the intimacy and personalized mentorship that defines Passages. Should demand exceed this number, a second location may open, allowing more learners to benefit from our self-directed, democratic approach."
It is incredibly satisfying to know that we created Chisholm Academy with the help of thousands of parents, students and staff. I believe that we are the premier private school, for students who need support based on their learning or emotional needs. Success has been demonstarted in the amount of time that our staff stays with our school, the acceptance rate into college and university and our students success in the work force and with their family. You can only imagine the joy we all feel when students visit Chisholm Acaedemy, to "show off" their success and their families with young children. Parents "lend us" the children with the hope and excectation that we will nurture them and teach them the lessons they require academically and to ensure they are the fine citizens that we want our chidren to become. It continues to ne an honour to lead Chisholm Academy with the help of so many supporters. Best wishes, Dr. B.
As the founder of Passages Centre and a long-time homeschooler for my children (now adults/teens!), I could see the need for an alternative education in Toronto where young people can come together within a community to work on what is meaningful to them.
Passages is a unique space filled with creative young people who have a strong sense of justice and challenge themselves to be more aware of the social issues that impact their lives. They embrace the democratic nature of our school, taking ownership of decision-making, committees, financial planning and the culture of the space.
As young people choose to take the reins of their education, it takes a special kind of staff to support them without taking over or letting their egos get in the way. It takes support from below to trust that these young people know what they need for this moment in their lives, are capable of finding the answers, or asking for help.
Allowing someone to flourish on their timeline is far from the typical approach to education, where the expectation is that everyone has the same knowledge because they’re in the same grade. We allow space for people to flex and grow, and to dive deep into an interest, driven by an innate desire to learn.
It is an honour to witness young people move through their days and learn holistically. On a typical day, conversations throughout the space can range from art techniques to world religion to forming committees. We flex, adapt, and work within our democratic approach to meet the needs of everyone.
As we’ve progressed through the years, the people who join us have typically felt ‘othered’ in their traditional school community for various reasons. Others simply felt that the education system didn’t feel right, and they may have already been resisting attending school. Many neurodivergent folks who join us feel like they can finally be themselves and learn who they are, and what living unmasked can feel like.
Focusing on the individual, we create a connection centred on autonomy and choice, respecting young people, and providing community within a safe(r) environment, which allows for an unmatched learning experience in the city.
I feel privileged that we have provided a space for all kinds of young people where they can feel valued and accepted as who they are. This acceptance permeates their self-image, which in turn positively influences their learning goals.
We look forward to welcoming more families and growing our small but mighty community!
Progressive
Information not available
Traditional curricula tend to be very content-based and rooted in the core disciplines. It is a structured approach that involves the teacher delivering a unified curriculum through direct instruction. Students usually learn by observing and listening to their teacher, studying facts and concepts in textbooks, and completing both tests and written assignments - which challenge students to not only demonstrate their mastery of content but their ability to analyze and deconstruct it critically. Class discussions are also used to create critical dialogue around the content of the curriculum.
Progressive (sometimes called "in- quiry-based") curricula attempt to place children's interests and ideas at the heart of the learning experience. Instead of lessons being driven by predetermined pathways, progressive curricula are often "emergent", with learning activities shaped by students' questions about the world. Instead of starting with academic concepts and then tying it to everyday experience, progressive methods begin with everyday experience and work back to an academic lesson. Teachers provide materials, experiences, tools and resources to help students investigate a topic or issue. Students are encouraged to explore, reflect on their findings, and discuss answers or solutions.
Not applicable
Chisholm Academy, as the IEP school, writes individual education plans for every student. Academy staff always follows the Ontario Ministry of Education curriculum but are able to accommodate students as according to their individual plans. This approach allows all students to move towards reaching a level playing field with those students not experiencing learning difficulties. Extra support is always available in a kind and supportive manner. We attempt to provide many alternatives to mastering the Ontario curriculum. In addition, with help to minimize multiple test and assignments at the same time. Students are allowed to repeats assignmenst and tests for issues related to their IEP.
Passages supports learners to use materials, and curriculums that meet their goals. We are not a one-size-fits-all approach therefore learning materials are individualized. Most of our learners have Autism, ADHD and processing challenges.
Equal Balance
These math programs feature an equal balance of “Traditional” and “Discovery” methods.
These math programs feature an equal balance of “Traditional” and “Discovery” methods.
Math is explored through a learner's interest and desire. We offer daily scheduling of Math which they can choose to attend.
No formal textbook is used unless a learner chooses one.
Calculators are used as needed.
Not applicable
Not applicable
Information not available
Equal balance
Programs that balance systematic and process approaches equally likely have an emphasis on giving young students ample opportunities to write, while providing supplementary class-wide instruction in grammar, parts of sentences, and various writing strategies.
Writing is done as needed or desired. It can be done for a purpose (resume, application, letter) or for interest and exploration (stories, poems, opinion, comments).
Equal Balance
Science programs that balance expository and inquiry learning equally will likely have an equal blend of tests and experiments; direct, textbook-based instruction and student-centred projects.
Science programs that balance expository and inquiry learning equally will likely have an equal blend of tests and experiments; direct, textbook-based instruction and student-centred projects.
Science is explored when learners show interest. Often the inquiry is the result of field trips and natural experimentation.
Evolution as consensus theory
Evolution as one of many equally viable theories
Evolution is not taught
Evolution as consensus theory
Evolution as one of many equally viable theories
Evolution is not taught
Not applicable
Equal Balance
These literature programs draw in equal measure from “Traditional” and “Social Justice” programs.
These literature programs draw in equal measure from “Traditional” and “Social Justice” programs.
Reading is done primarily individually. Often one learner will encourage another to read a book of interest.
Ancient lit
English lit
World (non-Western) lit
European (continental) lit
American lit
Canadian lit
Ancient lit
English lit
World (non-Western) lit
European (continental) lit
American lit
Canadian lit
Expanding Communities
The Expanding Communities approach organizes the curriculum around students’ present, everyday experience. In the younger grades, students might learn about themselves, for example. As they move through the grades, the focus gradually broadens in scope: to the family, neighbourhood, city, province, country, and globe. The curriculum tends to have less focus on history than Core Knowledge programs.
Information not available
Pragmatism
Pragmatism in the humanities and social sciences emphasizes making learning relevant to students’ present-day experience. Assignments tend to centre around projects and tasks rather than argumentative essays; these projects will often have a “real-world” application or relevance. There might be more of a social justice component to a pragmatic program, though that isn’t always the case. Subjects like history and philosophy are still covered/offered, but they play a less prominent role in the overall program than in the case of perennialism. The social sciences (contemporary geography, sociology, psychology, etc), meanwhile, might play a more prominent role in pragmatic programs. The key goals are to make learning progressive and relevant, while teaching students real-life skills and critical thinking.
Information not available
Although humanities topics are explored in a pragmatic way, they are entirely determined by the learners interest.
Information not available
If a learner wants to learn a language other than English, coaches and mentors will help them find the most suitable method that matches their learning style.
Hebrew
ESL
Spanish
Russian
Latin
Japanese
Italian
Greek
German
French
Chinese-Mandarin
Chinese-Cantonese
Hebrew
ESL
Spanish
Russian
Latin
Japanese
Italian
Greek
German
French
Chinese-Mandarin
Chinese-Cantonese
Information not available
Not applicable
Not applicable
The arts do play a significant role in the Centre, but the program is totally determined by the learner with support.
Acting
Dance
Drama/Theatre
Graphic Design
Music
Visual Arts
Acting
Dance
Drama/Theatre
Graphic Design
Music
Visual Arts
Medium integration
Effort is made to integrate the development of digital literacy through the curriculum. However, this is not a dominant focus.
Information not available
Learners choose to use digital technology as needed. Mentors guide learners to using technology to meet their goals.
Web design
Robotics
Computer science
Information not available
Passages has access to a gym and bowling alley. Regular PE classes are hosted with outdoor activities created spontaneously.
Not applicable
Not applicable
Information not available
Student-paced
The main curriculum pace is non-standardized and is HIGHLY responsive to the pacing of individual students, (via differentiated instruction, differentiated assessment, etc). In theory, some students outpace the default/normalized curriculum, while others spend periods "behind schedule" if they need the extra time.
The main curriculum pace is non-standardized and is HIGHLY responsive to the pacing of individual students, (via differentiated instruction, differentiated assessment, etc). In theory, some students outpace the default/normalized curriculum, while others spend periods "behind schedule" if they need the extra time.
All students learn differently so it is our goal to taech differently. Our teachers thoroughly know the IEP of each student and pace them accordingly to their needs.
We host 1:1 weekly mentoring meetings for learners to reflect and share challenges and achievements, roadblocks and breakthroughs, goals and action plans. Mentors support them in creating schedules and timelines to gain a better understanding of their learning needs and goals.
Supportive
A school with a “supportive” academic culture focuses more on process than short-term outcomes: academic performance is a welcomed side-benefit, but not the driving focus. This does not mean the school lacks standards, or has low expectations for its students: a school can have a supportive academic culture and still light the fire of ambition in its students. It does mean, however, the school provides a less intensive culture than schools with a “rigorous” academic classification, and is focused more simply on instilling a love of learning and life-long curiosity.
A school with a “supportive” academic culture focuses more on process than short-term outcomes: academic performance is a welcomed side-benefit, but not the driving focus. This does not mean the school lacks standards, or has low expectations for its students: a school can have a supportive academic culture and still light the fire of ambition in its students. It does mean, however, the school provides a less intensive culture than schools with a “rigorous” academic classification, and is focused more simply on instilling a love of learning and life-long curiosity.
Without question, Chisholm Academy is one of the most supportive environments for students with learning weaknesses or emotional concerns. We expect all students to do their best but we minimize cempetition. Awards are given for academic performance but also for determination, working with others, sports, drama, art etc. When kids feel good, they learn better!
With a strengths-based approach we allow learners to explore and create timelines for academics that meets their goals. We do not focus on hitting standard curriculum goals since many of our learners focus deeply on their interests in a wholistic fashion.
"We intentionally avoid all forms of public distinction between students in terms of academic performance."
"We intentionally avoid all forms of public distinction between students in terms of academic performance."
Social
The goal is to cultivate "socially aware and active citizens, motivated to change the world (or their community) for the better."
Emotional
The goal is to cultivate "emotionally intelligent and confident individuals, capable of leading both themselves and others."
Balanced
Equal emphasis is placed on a balance of priorities: intellectual, emotional, social and physical cultivation.
Social
The goal is to cultivate "socially aware and active citizens, motivated to change the world (or their community) for the better."
Our priority is to recognize learners as individuals and help them to be the best they can be. Through self-direction, the learner determines how they can thrive. As a Democratic School, we are focused on developing the “soft skills” that we believe are critical for a relevant education: civil discourse, listening, problem-solving, collaboration, and advocating for yours and others’ rights. Our adult mentors are always present with the learners to coach and support them in practicing these skills.
FORMAL SUPPORT FOR DISORDERS, DISABILITIES, AND EXCEPTIONALITIESA - Forms of SupportAccommodation:
Modification:
Remediation:
B - EnvironmentsIndirect Support:
Resource Assistance:
Withdrawal Assistance:
Partial Integration:
Full-Time Class:
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ADHD (moderate to severe)
This is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Children with ADHD may be hyperactive and unable control their impulses. Or they may have trouble paying attention. These behaviors can interfere with school and home life.
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Dyslexia (Language-Based Learning Disability)
This is a learning disability that can limit a child's ability to read and learn. It can have a variety of traits. A few of the main ones are impaired phonological awareness and decoding, problems with orthographic coding, and auditory short-term memory impairment.
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Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)
This is a sound differentiation disorder involving problems with reading, comprehension, and language.
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Dyscalculia
This is a kind of specific learning disability in math. Kids with this math disorder have problems with calculation. They may also have problems with math-related concepts such as time and money.
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Dysgraphia
This is a kind of specific learning disability in writing. It involves problems with handwriting, spelling, and organizing ideas.
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Language Processing Disorder
This is characterized by having extreme difficulty understanding what is heard and expressing what one wants to say. These disorders affect the area of the brain that controls language processing.
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Nonverbal Learning Disorders (NLD)
These involve difficulties interpreting non-verbal cues, such as facial expressions and body language. They're usually characterized by a significant discrepancy between higher verbal skills and weaker motor, visual-spatial, and social skills.
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Visual Perceptual/Visual Motor Deficit
A characteristic seen in people with learning disabilities such as Dysgraphia or Non-verbal LD. It can result in missing subtle differences in shapes or printed letters, losing place frequently, struggles with cutting, holding pencil too tightly, or poor eye/hand coordination.
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Autism
Refers to a range of conditions that involve challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, and speech and nonverbal communication. They also involve unique strengths and differences. For instance, there are persons with both low- and high-functioning autism (some claim the latter is identical to Asperger's syndrome).
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Asperger's Syndrome
On the autism spectrum, Asperger's is considered quite mild in terms of symptoms. While traits can vary widely, many kids with Asperger's struggle with social skills. They also sometimes fixate on certain subjects and engage in repetitive behaviour.
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Down syndrome
his is associated with impairment of cognitive ability and physical growth, and a particular set of facial characteristics.
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Intellectual disability
This is a condition characterized by significant limitations in intellectual functioning (e.g., reasoning, learning, and problem solving). Intellectual disabilities are also known as general learning disabilities (and used to be referred to as a kind of mental retardation).
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Williams syndrome
This is a rare genetic disorder present at birth. It is characterized by intellectual disabilities or learning problems, unique facial features, and cardiovascular problems.
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Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term used to describe the range of effects that can occur in an individual whose mother consumed alcohol during pregnancy. These may include growth deficits, facial anomalies, and damage to the central nervous system, which can lead to cognitive, behavioural, and other problems.
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Troubled behaviour / troubled teens
roubled teens tend to have problems that are intense, persistent, and can lead to quite unpredictable behaviour. This can lead to behavioural and emotional issues, such as drug and alcohol abuse, criminal behaviour, eating disorders, depression, and anxiety.
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Clinical Depression
This is a mental health disorder also called "major depression." It involves persistent feelings of sadness, loss, and anger. According to the Mayo Clinic, symptoms are usually severe enough to cause noticeable problems in relationships with others or in daily activities, such as school, work, or one's social life.
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Clinical anxiety
This is a mood disorder involving intense, relentless feelings of distress and fear. They can also have excessive and persistent worry about everyday situations, and repeated episodes of intense anxiety or terror.
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Suicidal thoughts
This involves persistent thoughts about ending one's life.
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Drug and alcohol abuse
This involves the excessive use of drug and/or alcohol, which interferes with daily functioning.
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
This is a disruptive behavioural disorder which normally involves angry outbursts, often directed at people of authority. This behaviour must last continuously for six months or more and significantly interfere with daily functioning.
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Multiple sclerosis
This is a condition of the central nervous system. It affects the brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord. Symptoms can include fatigue, loss of motor control, memory loss, depression, and cognitive difficulties.
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Cerebral palsy
his refers to a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood. CP is caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement, balance, and posture.
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Muscular dystrophy
Muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disorder which weakens the body's muscles. Causes, symptoms, age of onset, and prognosis vary between individuals.
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Spina Bifida
This is a condition present at birth due to the incomplete formation of the spine and spinal cord. It can lead to a number of physical challenges, including paralysis or weakness in the legs, bowel and bladder incontinence, hydrocephalus (too much fluid in the brain), and deformities of the spine.
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Dyspraxia (Developmental Coordination Disorder)
This is a Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Also known as "sensory integration disorder," it affects fine and/or gross motor coordination in children and adults. It may also affect speech.
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Blindness
Visual impairment is a decreased ability or inability to see that can't be fixed in usual ways, such as with glasses. Some people are completely blind, while others have what's called "legal blindness."
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Deafness
Hearing impairment, also known as "hearing loss," is a partial or total inability to hear. The degree of hearing impairment varies between people. It can range from complete hearing loss (or deafness) to partial hearing loss (meaning the ears can pick up some sounds).
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Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an inherited genetic condition, which affects the body's respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. It affects young children and adults.
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Multiple physical
Accommodating a wide range of physical conditions and disabilities.
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Social skills programs
Occupational therapy
Psychotherapy
Speech-language therapy
Social skills programs
Occupational therapy
Psychotherapy
Speech-language therapy
Accommodations
Modifications
Extra support
Accommodations
Modifications
Extra support
Social skills programs
Occupational therapy
Psychotherapy
Speech-language therapy
Social skills programs
Occupational therapy
Psychotherapy
Speech-language therapy
When a child's need for autonomy is beyond what schools can offer, self-directed learning is an option. This suits many with ADHD and ASD (level 1) and those with a PDA profile. We suit the young people who are always asking "why," the ones that actually want to see the reason they are learning something, and that it all fits into their goals in life.
Chisholm Academy is known as, and is proud to call itself, the IEP School. Individual Education Plans are written for every single student who attends our school. The Academy only employs teachers with extensive special education training. We are a Google School and provide integrated assistive technology.
Passages Centre is a highly flexible, adaptable and personalized learning environment. Our community has many youths with ASD, ADHD, and learning difficulties, both diagnosed and undiagnosed. These young people thrive at our Centre because they are permitted to work at their own pace, in their own way, with the support of mentors who take a strengths-based perspective.
CompetitiveComp. |
RecreationalRec. |
CompetitiveComp. |
RecreationalRec. |
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Badminton |
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Baseball |
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Basketball |
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Canoeing/Kayaking |
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Cricket |
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Cross-country skiing |
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Cycling |
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Downhill skiing |
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Equestrian |
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Fencing |
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Field Hockey |
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Figure Skating |
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Football |
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Golf |
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Gymnastics |
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Ice Hockey |
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Ice Skating |
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Lacrosse |
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Martial Arts |
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Mountain biking |
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Racquet Ball |
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Rowing |
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Rugby |
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Running |
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Sailing |
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Skateboarding |
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Snowboarding |
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Soccer |
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Softball |
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Squash |
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Swimming |
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Tennis |
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Track & Field |
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Volleyball |
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Weightlifting |
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Wrestling |
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Archery |
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Curling |
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Ultimate |
Ballet and Classical Ballet
Yoga
Yearbook
Student Council
Scouting
Science Club
School newspaper
Round Square
Robotics club
Radio club
Poetry/Literature club
Photography
Paintball
Outdoor Education
Outdoor Club
Online Magazine
Musical theatre/Opera
Math Club
Jazz Ensemble
Habitat for Humanity
Foreign Language Club
Environmental Club
Drama Club
Debate Club
Dance Club
Computer Club
Community Service
Choir
Chess Club
Band
Audiovisual Club
Astronomy Club
Art Club
Animation
Ballet and Classical Ballet
Yoga
Yearbook
Student Council
Scouting
Science Club
School newspaper
Round Square
Robotics club
Radio club
Poetry/Literature club
Photography
Paintball
Outdoor Education
Outdoor Club
Online Magazine
Musical theatre/Opera
Math Club
Jazz Ensemble
Habitat for Humanity
Foreign Language Club
Environmental Club
Drama Club
Debate Club
Dance Club
Computer Club
Community Service
Choir
Chess Club
Band
Audiovisual Club
Astronomy Club
Art Club
Animation
7 - 12
5 - 12
10%
30%
$5,000
$4,000
65%
95%
7, 9
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Rolling
Rolling
Not available
Not available
Yes: grades 7 - 12
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Students experiencing academic difficulties including but not limited to learning disabilities, anxiety, Asperger's and ADHD.
Youth who thrive at our centre are those who desire to be part of a community that cares for one another. Self-directed learning can be done anywhere, so while we do offer mentoring support and guidance, what young people truly value is our community. We are looking for people who want to be with peers of all ages, work on self-exploration and agency, and generally support community-building.
All interested youth first attend an Information Session and Tour, then they're invited to book a Discovery Week to ensure we’re a good fit for all. During this time, your child will join us as other learners, attending classes they choose, working on projects or exploring materials, taking credit classes, or simply getting to know everyone.
They can join us in the gym, cooking in the kitchen or on any outings. The fee for this week is $225.
Discovery Weeks are ongoing throughout the year.
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