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Approaches to teaching social studies

The different approaches taken to teaching social studies at Canadian private schools

What is the core knowledge approach?

The core knowledge approach emphasizes a broad and structured understanding of history, geography, and culture from an early age. Using story, drama, reading, and discussion, students learn about key people, places, and events that have shaped societies. The goal is to build a deep and connected base of factual and conceptual knowledge. Lessons are often organized sequentially—such as teaching history in chronological order—to help students develop a clear sense of cause and effect as they progress through the grades.



What is the expanding communities approach?

The expanding communities approach structures social studies around the students’ own world, gradually widening their perspective as they grow. Younger children begin by learning about themselves and their families, before expanding outward to study their neighbourhood, city, province, country, and eventually the world. This model connects learning to children’s lived experiences, helping them understand their role in larger social systems. Compared with core knowledge programs, expanding communities' curricula typically place less emphasis on history and more on personal and civic understanding.


What is the thematic approach?

The thematic approach organizes social studies around central themes or cultural concepts that cut across subjects and time periods. For example, a class might explore topics such as food, transportation, communication, or government—examining how these themes appear in different cultures and eras. Thematic learning encourages students to make connections between ideas and disciplines, fostering deeper understanding through integrated, inquiry-driven exploration.


 

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From OUR KIDS, Canada’s Guide to Private Schools,
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